{"id":6788,"date":"2022-01-26T23:39:24","date_gmt":"2022-01-26T23:39:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/petinya.org\/blog\/?p=344"},"modified":"2022-01-26T23:39:24","modified_gmt":"2022-01-26T23:39:24","slug":"polivinil-klorur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/petinya.org\/blog\/polivinil-klorur\/","title":{"rendered":"Polivinil Klor\u00fcr"},"content":{"rendered":"

Polivinil Klor\u00fcr<\/strong>, vinil klor\u00fcrden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kimyasal bir bile\u015fiktir. Plastik, re\u00e7ine ve vinil \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda Polivinil Klor\u00fcr\u00fcn<\/strong> k\u0131saltmas\u0131n\u0131, nerede kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6zelliklerini ve kimin icat etti\u011fini anlataca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

<\/span>Polivinil Klor\u00fcr K\u0131saltmas\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n

Polivinil klor\u00fcr\u00fcn k\u0131saltmas\u0131 PVC<\/strong>‘dir ve kimyasal form\u00fcl H2C=CH-CHCl-‘dir. Polivinil klor\u00fcr, bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 end\u00fcstride kullan\u0131lan bir plastik t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. 100 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcredir var ve bug\u00fcn hala kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Polivinil Klor\u00fcr<\/strong>, bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 uygulamada kullan\u0131lan bir plastik t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Genellikle PVC olarak k\u0131salt\u0131l\u0131r. Bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fi vard\u0131r ve \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerde kullan\u0131labilir. Bu, \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyeti ve kullan\u0131m kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ili\u015fkilendirilebilir. \u0130n\u015faat, otomotiv end\u00fcstrisi, ambalaj end\u00fcstrisi vb. dahil olmak \u00fczere onlarca farkl\u0131 sekt\u00f6rde bulunabilir.<\/p>\n

<\/span>Polivinil Klor\u00fcr Kim Buldu<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n
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Polivinil Klor\u00fcr<\/strong> (XIX) 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda iki farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrde, 1835\u2019y\u0131l\u0131nda Henri Victor Regnault<\/strong> ve 1872\u2019de Eugen Baumann<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan tesad\u00fcf eseri ke\u015ffedilen\u00a0bir plastik t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. (XX) 20. <\/span>y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk d\u00f6neminde, Rus kimyac\u0131 Ivan Ostromislensk<\/strong>y ve Fritz Klatte<\/strong> Alman kimya \u015firketi Griesheim-Elektron ile PVC<\/a>\u2019yi ticari \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde denemi\u015ftir<\/span><\/span>. Lakin kat\u0131 halde i\u015flem g\u00f6rme zorluklar\u0131 ve polimerin gevrek olu\u015fu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n durmas\u0131na sebep olmu\u015ftur. <\/span>1926\u2019da, B.F. Goodrich \u015firketinden Waldo Semon<\/strong>, PVC\u2019yi farkl\u0131 katk\u0131 maddeleri ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p, plastikle\u015ftirme metodunu geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Bu sonu\u00e7, daha esnek ve daha kolay i\u015flenebilir malzemeyi vermi\u015f ve ticari alandaki yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131m bundan sonra ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\"PVC<\/p>\n

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<\/span>Polivinil Klor\u00fcr \u00d6zellikleri<\/span><\/h2>\n

PVC, II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda kau\u00e7uk k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorununa \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm arayan Henri Victor Regnault adl\u0131 Hollandal\u0131 bir kimyager taraf\u0131ndan icat edildi. Polivinil Klor\u00fcr<\/em>, polivinil alkol ve klorun birle\u015ftirilmesiyle olu\u015fturulan bir plastik t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bir\u00e7ok \u00fcr\u00fcnde bulunabilir ancak en \u00e7ok plastik boru imalat\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Polivinil klor\u00fcr, \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin imalat\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 arzu edilen bir\u00e7ok \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahip oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in pop\u00fcler hale geldi. Bu \u00f6zelliklerden baz\u0131lar\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli, iyi kimyasal dirence ve y\u00fcksek \u00e7ekme mukavemetine sahip olmas\u0131d\u0131r. PVC Polivinil Klor\u00fcr<\/strong> ortalama 7 sefer geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir ve \u00f6mr\u00fc yakla\u015f\u0131k 140 senedir. Uluslararas\u0131 geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm kodu “3<\/strong>” \u00fc\u00e7 olarak belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

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Polivinil Klor\u00fcr Nedir?<\/strong>\u200b k\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olarak PVC ismini al\u0131r. Kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 devasa b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte olan bir plastik polimerdir. PVC’nin kat\u0131 formu in\u015faat ve yap\u0131 sekt\u00f6rlerinde kap\u0131 ve pencere profilleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k \u00f6zelli\u011fi sayesinde yap\u0131 sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn vazge\u00e7ilmez \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc haline gelmi\u015ftir ve bu alanlarda kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kimyasal end\u00fcstrisinde polivinil klor\u00fcr \u00f6nemli bir yer tutar bu madde bir plastik polimer t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u0130ki \u00e7e\u015fit forma sahip olan polivinil klor\u00fcr esnek ve kat\u0131 olabilmektedir. \u0130ki \u00e7e\u015fit forma sahip olan polivinil klor\u00fcr esnek ve kat\u0131 olabilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Polietilen, \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde kullan\u0131lan bir termo plastiktir.
\nEtilen molek\u00fcl\u00fc C2H4 , asl\u0131nda \u00e7ift ba\u011f ile ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f iki CH2\u2019den olu\u015fur. (CH2=CH2)
\nPolipropilen, otomotiv sanayinde kullan\u0131lan par\u00e7alar, tekstil yiyecek paketleme termo plastik bir polimerdir.<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131ma sahip plastik hammadde \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Polivinil klor\u00fcr\u00fcn elde edili\u015fi vinil klor\u00fcr monomer ile olmaktad\u0131r. Polivinil klor\u00fcr\u00fcn k\u0131sa ad\u0131 ise PVC\u2019dir. Ucuz olmas\u0131 ve teknik a\u00e7\u0131dan sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kolayl\u0131klar sebebiyle yap\u0131 sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde \u00e7e\u015fitli alanlar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kau\u00e7u\u011fun kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 pek \u00e7ok uygulamada kullan\u0131labilmektedir. Polivinil klor\u00fcr, demir, ah\u015fap ve bak\u0131r \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin yerine kullan\u0131labilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Polivinil Klor\u00fcr<\/strong> \u00f6zelliklerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131ralayal\u0131m.<\/p>\n

<\/span>Polivinil Klor\u00fcr Nerede Kullan\u0131l\u0131r<\/span><\/h2>\n

Polivinil Klor\u00fcr<\/strong> veya PVC, 1900’lerin ba\u015f\u0131nda icat edilen bir plastik t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u0130n\u015faat, s\u0131hhi tesisat ve daha pek \u00e7ok alanda kullan\u0131labilen \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir malzemedir. PVC esnek ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r, bu da onu borularda kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in iyi bir se\u00e7enek haline getirir. Ayr\u0131ca su bas\u0131nc\u0131ndan gelen darbelere kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r ve di\u011fer malzemelere kar\u015f\u0131 kayarken d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmeye sahiptir. 1900’lerin ba\u015f\u0131nda, Dr. Hermann Schleich, \u00fcretmenin kau\u00e7uktan daha ucuz olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in kau\u00e7u\u011fun yerine polivinil klor\u00fcr\u00fc geli\u015ftirdi. \u00dcretim maliyeti konusunda yan\u0131l\u0131yordu ama malzeme olarak \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc konusunda hakl\u0131yd\u0131. Polivinil Klor\u00fcr<\/strong>, PVC<\/a> olarak k\u0131salt\u0131l\u0131r. En yayg\u0131n olarak borular, ambalaj malzemeleri ve vinil plaklar yapmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Polivinil Klor\u00fcr<\/strong>, 100 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcredir var olan ve bug\u00fcn hala kullan\u0131lmakta olan bir plastik t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n